Short answer. Ukraine's civil-protection structures are designed to state building code ДБН В.2.2-5:2023 "Захисні споруди цивільного захисту" (Civil-protection protective structures) 1. It was approved by order No. 702 of 10 August 2023 and has applied since 1 November 2023; the consolidated text with Amendments 1 and 2 applies from 1 April 2025 1. Blast, anti-radiation and basic shelters must provide conditions for at least 48 hours 1.
What is ДБН В.2.2-5:2023?
ДБН (DBN) stands for the state building codes of Ukraine. ДБН В.2.2-5:2023 covers civil-protection protective structures 1:
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Code | ДБН В.2.2-5:2023 |
| Title | Захисні споруди цивільного захисту |
| Approved | Order No. 702 of 10 August 2023, Ministry for Communities, Territories and Infrastructure |
| In force | 1 November 2023 |
| Latest version | Amendment 2 and consolidated text, from 1 April 2025 |
| Status | Listed as "Діючий" (in force) in the e-construction register, edition of 15 April 2026 |
The text is published in the Ministry's e-construction register 1.
What does the law require?
The Civil Protection Code sets the legal framework 2:
- Design and construction (Art. 32(6)): siting, design and construction of protective structures follow building codes; their protective properties are set according to the civil-protection group of the territory.
- Modular anti-radiation shelters: since Law No. 4778-IX of 10 February 2026, anti-radiation shelters for up to 50 people are designed and built with modular units meeting national standards. The same law rewrote the provision on where mobile shelters are placed.
- Mobile shelters (Art. 32(2)): they must meet the national standards and/or technical regulations stated in their conformity document. The date this rule was introduced is not confirmed.
How long must a shelter protect its occupants?
| Type | Minimum duration |
|---|---|
| Blast shelter (сховище) | At least 48 hours |
| Anti-radiation shelter (протирадіаційне укриття) | At least 48 hours |
| Basic shelter (найпростіше укриття) | At least 48 hours |
| Mobile shelter (мобільне укриття) | Up to 4 hours |
Sources: 12. For why the first two days matter after a nuclear event, see the fallout 7-10 rule.
Does the standard apply to a private home shelter?
The code covers civil-protection structures 1. No official text confirming whether it binds a shelter that a household builds for itself was found; see our build-a-shelter page. An engineer can still use it as the Ukrainian technical reference for a design.
Phaenyx does not provide construction instructions. To understand the technical terms, read our guides on protection factor, shelter ventilation and NBC filtration.
Frequently asked questions
Where can I read ДБН В.2.2-5:2023?
In the e-construction register of the Ministry for Communities, Territories and Infrastructure 1.
Is ДБН В.2.2-5:2023 still in force?
Yes. The register lists it as in force, in its edition of 15 April 2026 1.
What changed in 2026?
Law No. 4778-IX of 10 February 2026 requires anti-radiation shelters for up to 50 people to be built with modular units meeting national standards, and rewrote the rule on where mobile shelters are placed 2.
Who maintains shelters in the state fund?
Their owners, users or the legal entities holding them on their balance sheet, at their own cost, with quarterly inspections 2.
Sources
- Міністерство розвитку громад, територій та інфраструктури України (реєстр e-construction) — ДБН В.2.2-5:2023 Захисні споруди цивільного захисту (редакція від 15.04.2026, статус «Діючий») — https://e-construction.gov.ua/laws_detail/3875987194791331287?doc_type=2 (accessed 2026-10-20)
- Верховна Рада України — Кодекс цивільного захисту України (№ 5403-VI від 02.10.2012), статті 30, 32 — https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/5403-17 (accessed 2026-10-20)
Turn this into action
Your plan for Ukraine, worked out for your household.
- Water, food and equipment counted for each person and pet
- The nuclear plants and zones around your home
- Phaenyx Safe: one tap to tell your people you are safe
Sources
- Міністерство розвитку громад, територій та інфраструктури України (реєстр e-construction) · ДБН В.2.2-5:2023 Захисні споруди цивільного захисту (редакція від 15.04.2026, статус «Діючий») checked 2026-10-20
- Верховна Рада України · Кодекс цивільного захисту України (№ 5403-VI від 02.10.2012), статті 30, 32 checked 2026-10-20