Short answer. Indonesia has no standard for blast or fallout shelters. The official minimum standard that applies to shelters is for evacuation shelters for disaster victims: Regulation No. 7 of 2008 of the Head of the National Disaster Management Agency (Perka BNPB 7/2008) requires at least 3 m² per person, safety and health conditions, access to public facilities, and privacy between sexes and age groups 12.
This page summarises a legal text for information. It is not a design guide: any structure meant to protect people is work for a qualified structural engineer.
What does Perka BNPB 7/2008 require of an evacuation shelter?
Chapter IV, section A, covers temporary shelter and housing ("tempat penampungan/hunian sementara"). It may take the form of tents, barracks, or public or social buildings such as places of worship, sports halls and village halls 1. The minimum standard has four points 1:
| Requirement | Text of the regulation |
|---|---|
| Space | 3 square metres per person |
| Safety and health | must meet safety and health requirements |
| Access | must have access to public facilities |
| Privacy | must ensure privacy between sexes and age groups |
What water and sanitation must come with it?
The same regulation sets minimums for the services around a shelter 1:
- Clean water: 7 litres per person per day for the first three days, then 15 litres.
- Drinking water: 2.5 litres per person per day.
- Distance to a latrine: at most 50 metres from the shelter.
- Distance to water: the nearest water point at most 500 metres from the shelter.
- Latrines: one family latrine for at most 20 people, at least 30 metres from any groundwater source.
- Waste: one 100-litre bin for 10 families.
- Washing: one washing place for at most 100 people.
Who must apply it?
Article 2 makes the guideline the reference for every disaster-management implementer 1. Aid is delivered by an aid team led by a field coordinator; the team can come from local government, villages, government agencies, the armed forces and police, NGOs, the Indonesian Red Cross (PMI), universities and other community members 1. Reports on aid received and distributed go to the district or city disaster agency (BPBD), the provincial BPBD or BNPB 1.
The regulation took effect on 17 December 2008 and was published in the State Gazette (Berita Negara) 2014 No. 1407 12. BNPB's legal information portal lists it as in force ("Berlaku") 3.
Does it cover tsunami evacuation buildings?
No. The regulation sets conditions for people living in a shelter after a disaster, not how a building resists a tsunami or an earthquake 1. Tsunami evacuation buildings and hills (TES) are described on public shelters in Indonesia.
Is there a rule for a private shelter at home?
No rule specific to private shelters was found. Ask a structural engineer before building anything meant to protect people. See building a shelter in Indonesia.
Frequently asked questions
How much space per person must an Indonesian evacuation shelter give?
At least 3 m² per person, under Perka BNPB 7/2008 1.
How much water must evacuees receive?
15 litres of clean water per person per day after the first three days (7 litres before), plus 2.5 litres of drinking water 1.
Where can I read the text?
On BNPB's legal information portal (JDIH BNPB), which also shows its status, and on bnpb.go.id 123.
Sources · 3
- Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (JDIH BNPB) · Peraturan Kepala BNPB Nomor 7 Tahun 2008 tentang Pedoman Tata Cara Pemberian Bantuan Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Dasar checked 2026-10-28
- Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana · Peraturan Kepala BNPB Nomor 7 Tahun 2008 (Berita Negara Republik Indonesia 2014 No. 1407) checked 2026-10-28
- Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (JDIH BNPB) · Peraturan Kepala BNPB Nomor 7 Tahun 2008 tentang Tata Cara Pemberian Bantuan Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Dasar (status: Berlaku) checked 2026-10-28